Month: February 2017

Discussion: JC’s ‘role’

Discussion: JC’s ‘role’

by Judith Curry

In view of recent controversies, numerous criticisms have been made about my ‘role,’ with expectations of things that I ‘should’ be doing.

From twitter:

“I do think JC should take a bigger role in reeling in hoaxers/denialists that use her as a guide.”

From email, an important person in our field whom I like and respect:

I have to express my disappointment in the way you have handled this issue with Bates. Irrespective of the data management issues raised by Bates, you have had an opportunity to provide an objective assessment of the article written by Rose, as well as the press release posted by the House Science Committee, and you have apparently chosen not to do so. I had always admired that you sought to set the record straight no matter what, but I am no longer seeing that and I am sorry that science has lost that voice.

JC’s role

My public statements on the blog and the twitter relate to things that I find interesting and/or important, constrained by the time I have available for such things.

My overall goal with the blog is to open the dialogue on climate science, policy, and related issues.  I am trying to provide an open place for an honest debate, with the hope that my posts and discussion will provoke people to think outside of their own little box.

In terms of my Congressional testimonies and media interactions, my overall goal has been to bring policy makers and public away from ‘hoax’ and ‘science denial’ to a more rational and defensible understanding of climate science and its uncertainties (which is now being referred to by alarmists as the ‘new climate denial.’)

I have also tried to open up the discussion on policy options by using the framework of decision making under deep uncertainty.

Here is what I most definitely do NOT try to do:

  • Be a one person fact checking machine for media articles and statements by politicians
  • Take responsibility for what anyone else says or thinks, who also happens to quote me

Time constraints and realities

On a good week (when I am not too busy), I try to allocate 10 hours per week to the blog and twitter (much of this time is on the weekend).  So far, my so-called retirement hasn’t resulted in any more time for this.

About half of that 10 hours goes into reading and keeping up with what is going on (I am a very fast reader; I couldn’t do this otherwise). I really appreciate it when people email interesting links to me, or flag something for me on twitter.

A Week in Review post takes about 2.5 hours to put together.  A guest post with a bunch of figures or that is very long or needs editing or formatting takes 1-2 hours to put together.  Then if I am getting a lot of requests from reporters, that further cuts down time I have to spend on the blog.

You do the math.  There is only so much that I can do.  I receive no funding for this blog, and manage the blog entirely on my own (I am grateful for the contributions from guest bloggers).  Recently, one senior climate scientist told Peter Webster that I had to be taking money from the energy companies to support the blog, since no one could write that much on their own.  Peter Webster set him straight, who happens to have first-hand knowledge of where my $$ comes from.

This past week with the breaking story on John Bates, we were inundated with media requests.  My bandwidth for responding to any of this was minimal:  apart from preparing proposals for potential clients and preparing for two important meetings next week, I’ve been suffering from a bad case of bronchitis.

Media interactions

I get frequent invites for radio interviews, occasional invites for TV interviews, tons of queries from reporters, and occasional invites for op-eds.  I respond to these when I can, and I go out of my way for several reporters who I find do a thoughtful job on their articles.  I’ve become much better at being able to filter who I should interact with.

I am frequently criticized for my interactions with David Rose of the Mail on Sunday.  I like David Rose, and I actually trust him (which is not easy for me after the ‘brain fossilization’ fiasco).  I regard him as an independent, important investigative voice on climate and energy issues, who operates outside of the echo chambers on both sides of this debate.  I agree that the Mail editor often goes ‘over the top’ with headlines etc., which doesn’t help the article’s credibility; after all, the DM is a tabloid.  However, I take no responsibility for any DM articles that happen to quote me (I am invariably correctly quoted by the DM).

On the Hill

I have continued interactions with staffers from the Science Committees in both the House (chair: Smith) and Senate (chair: Cruz).

With the election of President Trump, my ‘role’ is potentially elevated.  I have been contacted by several different transition teams in the Trump administration.  I have made it very clear to all that I have no interest in a full-time position or in living in Washington, DC.  However I would be happy to serve in advisory roles.  We will see if any opportunities materialize.

One person from a transition team stated: “Your country needs you.”  Maybe.  But I think I can be most effective at doing what I am doing, which is analysis, assessment and communication.

It will be very interesting to see who gets appointed to the key science positions in the Trump administration.

Quality of life

Putting yourself out there in the middle of a big controversy doesn’t help your quality of life.  I realize that there are people in the media and politics that live and breathe this stuff in an addicted way.  But very few scientists have the temperament for this.  Mostly, it requires a very thick skin so that the potshots and insults don’t get to you.  But more importantly it requires a very carefully thought out framing for how you approach the controversy, so that you are broadly consistent in your approach while incorporating new evidence into your thinking.

Ironically, the scientists that do have the temperament for this are those with an ‘agenda’ of some sort (e.g. activist/advocate).  Unfortunately, these are not the objective scientists that we need in such positions.

The way that I manage to keep sane in the midst of controversy is that I can turn it off by not paying attention to social media or email.  In the comfort of my own home. This gives me an element of control, that a paid government employee or journalist doesn’t have.

Mostly, I like to learn about new things, and integrate these new things into what else I know.

I don’t have an agenda for influencing policy, largely because I have no particular wisdom or political preference related to energy and climate policy, beyond the obvious peace, health and prosperity for everyone.

via Climate Etc. https://judithcurry.com

February 11, 2017 at 05:27AM

Is Failure of the Oroville Dam Possible?

Is Failure of the Oroville Dam Possible?

The last couple of days have not made me very confident in the predictions of engineers associated with the Oroville Dam.

While I am a climate researcher, and not hydrologist, it took me less than an hour midday yesterday (see comments here) to estimate that the emergency spillway would be breached around 9 a.m. PST this morning. I was off by an hour…it was breached at 8 a.m.

But engineers were leaning toward the lake level never getting that high (901 ft.)

This kind of calculation isn’t rocket science. As long as inflow into the lake exceeds outflow (both of which are monitored hourly), the lake level will rise.

Why were engineers reluctant to predict the (admittedly historic) event?

Now let’s talk about something that is much more uncertain…the damage now occurring as water continues to erode the dam under the gaping hole which has split the main concrete spillway:

One dam engineer who has worked on similar dams is worried that this is a structural threat to the dam.

Furthermore we haven’t even entered snow melt season yet, and already Lake Oroville has exceeded its 100% capacity (here’s yesterday’s plot, at 97%):

Lake Oroville water levels in different years, showing the current level is unprecedented for so this date, and rapidly approaching a 100% full state.

So, I am merely raising the question: if engineers were reluctant to predict the current topping of the emergency spillway — a relatively benign event that was rather easily predicted — how much confidence can we have that the damage to the main spillway won’t compromise the dam?

I think engineers are going to have to be a little more forthcoming about whether such a failure — which threatens thousands of people immediately downstream — is indeed possible in the coming weeks and months as the massive mountain snowpack melts and continues to fill the lake — and continues to erode the spillways.

via Roy Spencer, PhD. http://ift.tt/1o1jAbd

February 11, 2017 at 04:36AM

Damning Questions About Oroville

Damning Questions About Oroville

By Paul Homewood

 

h/t Joe Public

 

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http://ift.tt/2kx6K7P

 

WUWT carries the story of the Oroville Dam emergency spillway in California. In short, the spillway has been damaged at the same time as the dam itself is close to overflowing, following recent heavy rain.

 

There will doubtless be many questions asked about the design, integrity and maintenance of the spillway. But one question that should be asked is why the dam was allowed to come close to full in the first place.

 

As can be seen, nearly all of the major reservoirs across California are at or above average, and many are close to full up.

 

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Oroville itself has been rising rapidly since early December, so water managers have had plenty of warning about what was happening.

 

getResGraph.action

http://ift.tt/1cdlHpG

 

Of course, reservoir management is a difficult job at the best of times, particularly when dams serve double purposes – water storage and flood control.

But one wonders whether too much attention has been paid to the slew of warnings in recent years from climate scientists and others about permanent drought in California.

For instance:

California Braces for Unending Drought,” The New York Times reported in May 2016, citing Gov. Jerry Brown’s decision to indefinitely keep in place statewide water conservation measures. Brown also order state agencies to “prepare for a future made drier by climate change,” the Times reported.

Thanks El Niño, But California’s Drought Is Probably Forever,” Wired reported that same month reporting on Brown’s indefinite water restrictions.

“Now we know that drought is becoming a regular occurrence and water conservation must be a part of our everyday life,” Brown said in his 2016 statement extending water restrictions.

The reality is that California’s climate has swung from one extreme to the other, drought to flood, with monotonous regularity for the last century, and no doubt much longer.

 

multigraph

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The one thing you should expect is the unexpected.

 

There are of course parallels with the Wivenhoe dam in Australia back in 2011. Then the dam was kept at full capacity, despite warnings of heavy rain to come. As a result, subsequent flooding was much worse than it need have been.

It is apparent that those in charge in Queensland placed far too much emphasis on prior warnings of permanent drought.

 

Perhaps the key lesson from all of this is that what we really need is much better short term weather forecasting, weeks and months ahead. This is what Met Offices should be concentrating resources on, and not trying to guess what might happen in a century time.

via NOT A LOT OF PEOPLE KNOW THAT http://ift.tt/16C5B6P

February 11, 2017 at 04:12AM

Wind PTC: End the 4-Year Development Window (IRS guidance reversible)

Wind PTC: End the 4-Year Development Window (IRS guidance reversible)

“The IRS expanded the two-year development window to four years [from two years to give] … developers countless ways in which to secure the full PTC and never experience the phased-down PTC in the years 2017, 2018, and 2019.”

“One of the first actions by the new administration should be to withdraw and revise IRS notice 2016-31 and change the ‘Continuity Safe Harbor’ to a 2-year period. In addition, we recommend that the controversial elements of the IRS’s ‘start construction’ rules be subject to public review under the Administrative Procedures Act. Lastly, the Congress should … repeal tax credits for wind energy facilities and eliminate Section 45 of the internal revenue code of 1986.”

This essay is the second in a series aimed at exposing abuses by the Obama administration in its effort to force wind power on the public. Here we examine the rules governing the wind production tax credit (the PTC)—in particular, the IRS guidance for PTC eligibility— and changes the new Trump administration might consider.

In the period from 2009 to 2015, Congress voted four separate times to expand and extend the PTC, the subsidy most frequently credited with incentivizing wind generation in the United States.

With passage of the 2012 American Taxpayer Relief Act (ATRA), big wind won a critical concession from Congress with the introduction of the “start construction” provision. [1] With this change, wind projects need only “start construction” before the expiration date in order to claim the PTC, rather than having to be placed in service by that date. Responsibility fell to the IRS to define how it would apply the “start construction” provision.

Under initial guidance notices released by the Service, developers could show they started construction by beginning physical work of a significant nature [2] by the deadline, or, in the alternative, by incurring at least 5 percent of the facility’s total cost. In either case, developers were also required to show “continuous progress” towards project completion, in order to ensure projects were not delayed for indefinite periods and still maintain their PTC eligibility.

In a clarifying notice issued months after ATRA passed, the IRS stated it would not closely scrutinize development schedules or monetary outlays to confirm the continuous-progress test, so long as projects were placed in-service within two years of the PTC’s expiring. The two-year clock was based on industry assurances that two years was sufficient to get a project built and online.

But with enactment of PATH (Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act of 2015), and the PTC phase-out, the IRS expanded the two-year development window to four years. With this rule change, developers who began construction by the end of 2016, now have four years to complete their projects before the IRS asks for details on whether development advanced in a continuous way. Working within a four-year clock gave developers countless ways in which to secure the full PTC and never experience the phased-down PTC in the years 2017, 2018, and 2019.

The race was on for big wind to get as many megawatts started in 2016 as possible. Industry reports now estimate that between 30,000 and 70,000 MW of safe-harbored wind turbines were secured by the end of 2016. If placed in-service before the end of 2020, they will be eligible for the full PTC despite the phase-down.

The Budget report released by the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) last month showed that wind-related credits will balloon to nearly $6 billion per year in 2020, a ten-fold increase from 2008. The IRS guidance went well beyond a mere interpretation of the statute, yet the change was never subject to the Administrative Procedures Act (APA) or any type of budget scoring.

One of the first actions by the new administration should be to withdraw and revise IRS notice 2016-31 and change the “Continuity Safe Harbor” to a 2-year period. In addition, we recommend that the controversial elements of the IRS’s “start construction” rules be subject to public review under the Administrative Procedures Act.

Lastly, the Congress should act to refile and enact Amendment #3209 to Energy Policy Modernization Act of 2016 (S.2012) sponsored by Sen Lankford (R-OK) in the 114th Congress (2015–2016). Senator Lankford’s bill repeals tax credits for wind energy facilities and eliminates Section 45 of the internal revenue code of 1986.

—————–

[1] “Start construction” was first introduced with Section 1603 grants under ARRA. However, ARRA imposed an in-service date. The “start construction” provision was also applied to the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) relied on by the wind industry.

[2] Both on-site and off-site work (performed either by the developer or by another person under a binding written contract).

The post Wind PTC: End the 4-Year Development Window (IRS guidance reversible) appeared first on Master Resource.

via Master Resource http://ift.tt/1o3KEE1

February 9, 2017 at 05:13PM