“How does one estimate temperatures in a 1 million square mile area where no measurements exist?” asks Dr. Roy W. Spencer. “One of the questionable techniques is to simply guess.”
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2 August 2019 – “Note how distorted the news reporting was concerning the temporary hot spells in France,” says Dr. Spencer. “Yes, it was unusually warm in France in July. But look at the cold in Eastern Europe and western Russia. Where was the reporting on that? How about the fact that the U.S. was, on average, below normal?”
Current official pronouncements that July 2019 was the hottest month on record come from a fairly limited and error-prone array of thermometers which were never intended to measure global temperature trends, says Spencer.
“July 2019 was probably the 4th warmest of the last 41 years,” says Spencer. “And being only 0.5 deg. F above average is not terribly alarming.”
“The global surface thermometer network has three major problems when it comes to getting global-average temperatures,” says Spencer.
(1) The urban heat island effect has caused a gradual warming of most land thermometer sites due to buildings, parking lots, air conditioning units, vehicles, etc. Since most of the global land surface remains mostly rural, “the best strategy would be to simply use only the best (most rural) sited thermometers. This is currently not done.”
(2) “Ocean temperatures are notoriously uncertain due to changing temperature measurement technologies (canvas buckets thrown overboard to get a sea surface temperature sample long ago, ship engine water intake temperatures more recently, buoys, satellite measurements only since about 1983, etc.)”
(3) “Both land and ocean temperatures are notoriously incomplete geographically. How does one estimate temperatures in a 1 million square mile area where no measurements exist?”
One of the questionable techniques is to simply guess temperatures
One of the questionable techniques used (by NASA GISS) to get temperature estimates where no data exists, says Spencer, is to use land surface temperatures in July around the Arctic Ocean to simply guess temperatures out over the cold ocean water and ice where summer temperatures seldom rise much above freezing.
See entire article:
http://www.drroyspencer.com/2019/08/july-2019-was-not-the-warmest-on-record/
Thanks to Roy Spencer for this link
The post July 2019 Was Not the Warmest on Record, says expert appeared first on Ice Age Now.
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August 3, 2019 at 03:42AM
Iowa Climate Science Education 
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