A new biomarker temperature reconstruction (Szabó et al., 2024) spanning the last 2000 years reveals South Carpathian mean July temperatures varied from 13.4°C to 16.9°C throughout the Common Era, with an identifiable Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period.

The mean summer temperature during 1980-2010 was 14.8°C, which is 2.1°C cooler than the warmest temperature periods of the last two millennia.

While the region warmed by ~0.6°C (from 15.2°C to 15.8°C) from 1895 to 1970, it cooled by -1.1°C (to 14.7°C) during the 3 decades from 1970-2000.

These trends are the opposite of what would be expected if CO2 was a driver of climate changes.